{"id":7752,"date":"2022-02-28T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-02-28T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wrmcouncil.org\/?p=7752"},"modified":"2022-04-18T21:47:49","modified_gmt":"2022-04-19T01:47:49","slug":"economic-and-environmental-drivers-of-central-american-migration","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wrmcouncil.org\/es\/publications\/report\/economic-and-environmental-drivers-of-central-american-migration\/","title":{"rendered":"Impulsores econ\u00f3micos y ambientales de la migraci\u00f3n centroamericana"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Informe provisional y recomendaciones: Grupo de Trabajo de Centro y Norteam\u00e9rica sobre Migraci\u00f3n<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized is-style-default border-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wrmcouncil.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/NA-CA-Task-Force-Economic-and-Environmental-Drivers-of-Migration_EN.pdf\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wrmcouncil.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/TF-Economic-and-Environmental-Drivers-of-Migration-cover_EN.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8160\" width=\"306\" height=\"396\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wrmcouncil.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/TF-Economic-and-Environmental-Drivers-of-Migration-cover_EN.jpg 612w, https:\/\/wrmcouncil.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/TF-Economic-and-Environmental-Drivers-of-Migration-cover_EN-232x300.jpg 232w, https:\/\/wrmcouncil.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/TF-Economic-and-Environmental-Drivers-of-Migration-cover_EN-9x12.jpg 9w, https:\/\/wrmcouncil.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/TF-Economic-and-Environmental-Drivers-of-Migration-cover_EN-348x450.jpg 348w, https:\/\/wrmcouncil.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/TF-Economic-and-Environmental-Drivers-of-Migration-cover_EN-354x458.jpg 354w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 306px) 100vw, 306px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-genesis-blocks-gb-button gb-block-button\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wrmcouncil.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/NA-CA-Task-Force-Economic-and-Environmental-Drivers-of-Migration_EN.pdf\" class=\"gb-button gb-button-shape-square gb-button-size-medium\" style=\"color:#ffffff;background-color:#c45911\">Descargar PDF<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>La mayor\u00eda de los migrantes centroamericanos citan las condiciones econ\u00f3micas como motivo de su decisi\u00f3n de abandonar sus pa\u00edses. Para algunos es la \u00fanica raz\u00f3n: emigran porque ya no pueden sobrevivir donde est\u00e1n. Para algunos, la p\u00e9rdida de sus medios de vida se debe a presiones medioambientales como la sequ\u00eda, los huracanes o los efectos a largo plazo del cambio clim\u00e1tico. Para otros, la decisi\u00f3n de emigrar es el resultado tanto de la desesperaci\u00f3n econ\u00f3mica como de la inseguridad personal debido a la violencia criminal.   Para casi todos, la pobreza y la p\u00e9rdida de la esperanza de que las condiciones mejoren son factores que influyen en su decisi\u00f3n de desplazarse. Hasta que esa realidad econ\u00f3mica y esas percepciones cambien, los centroamericanos seguir\u00e1n buscando oportunidades econ\u00f3micas en otros pa\u00edses. El hecho es que para muchas personas centroamericanas, la migraci\u00f3n es una estrategia eficaz de reducci\u00f3n de la pobreza. Trabajar en Estados Unidos o Canad\u00e1 no s\u00f3lo mejora su nivel de vida, sino que tambi\u00e9n ayuda a la supervivencia de sus familias en su pa\u00eds por medio de las remesas. Hasta que no perciban que ellos y sus familias pueden alcanzar un nivel de vida decente en sus propios pa\u00edses, seguir\u00e1n desplaz\u00e1ndose, incluso cuando las fronteras militarizadas aumenten el riesgo y los costos de la migraci\u00f3n. Si bien es evidente que hay que mejorar las condiciones econ\u00f3micas que impulsan la migraci\u00f3n centroamericana, insistimos en que es igualmente importante -quiz\u00e1 incluso m\u00e1s- atender los factores pol\u00edticos e institucionales que han contribuido a la pobreza, la desigualdad y la falta de oportunidades econ\u00f3micas de la regi\u00f3n. Estas desigualdades econ\u00f3micas no se produjeron por casualidad, sino que son el resultado de factores pol\u00edticos e institucionales, como la corrupci\u00f3n y la evasi\u00f3n fiscal generalizadas, las decisiones pol\u00edticas que dejan de lado la protecci\u00f3n social, la debilidad del Estado de Derecho, los sistemas fiscales regresivos y bajos y las pr\u00e1cticas econ\u00f3micas depredadoras del medio ambiente. Es poco probable que el aumento de la ayuda internacional sin reformas pol\u00edticas reduzca la migraci\u00f3n.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/wrmcouncil.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Institutional-and-Political-Drivers-of-Migration-in-Central-America_EN.pdf\">El informe del Grupo de Trabajo sobre los factores pol\u00edticos e institucionales que impulsan la migraci\u00f3n<\/a>&nbsp;offers some recommendations for addressing those factors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Este informe detalla algunas de las condiciones econ\u00f3micas y medioambientales que impulsan la migraci\u00f3n. Muchas de ellas son de car\u00e1cter estructural y requerir\u00e1n inversiones a largo plazo. Pero hay medidas que se pueden tomar ahora y que creemos mejorar\u00e1n la vida de los centroamericanos ya que podr\u00edan, al menos de forma gradual, contribuir a una reducci\u00f3n de las condiciones econ\u00f3micas que han llevado a millones de personas a emprender el peligroso viaje hacia el norte. Este informe se centra en los factores econ\u00f3micos y ambientales m\u00e1s estrechamente relacionados con la migraci\u00f3n: el fortalecimiento de las oportunidades de empleo en el sector formal; la educaci\u00f3n financiera, la bancarizaci\u00f3n y el acceso al cr\u00e9dito (Kemme y Benavides, 2019), as\u00ed como la educaci\u00f3n y las oportunidades para los j\u00f3venes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Este informe se ha elaborado a partir de documentos preparados por Carlos Alvarado, Instituto Centroamericano de Estudios Fiscales (Guatemala) \u2014&nbsp;<em>Estado de derecho en Centroam\u00e9rica: consideraciones econ\u00f3micas y fiscales de la migraci\u00f3n forzada<\/em>;\u00a0Manuel Orozco, Creative Associates (US) \u2014&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/wrmcouncil.org\/es\/download\/7259\/\"><em>Migrant Remittances to Central America and Options for Development<\/em><\/a>; Pablo Escribano (IOM-Central America) \u2014&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/wrmcouncil.org\/es\/download\/7284\/\"><em>Environmental Drivers of Migration from Northern Central America<\/em><\/a>and Jaime Ordo\u00f1ez (Faculty of Law, University of Costa Rica) \u2014&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/wrmcouncil.org\/es\/download\/7274\/\"><em>La pobreza como causa esencial de la expulsi\u00f3n humana y la migraci\u00f3n (Centroam\u00e9rica 2021-2022)<\/em><\/a><em>.<\/em>&nbsp;. The report also benefited from conversations with representatives of Partnership for Central America.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>El&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/wrmcouncil.org\/es\/grupo-de-trabajo-centro-norteamerica-sobre-migracion\/\">Grupo de Trabajo de Centro y Norteam\u00e9rica sobre Migraci\u00f3n<\/a>&nbsp;es un foro no gubernamental de acad\u00e9micos, l\u00edderes de la sociedad civil y del mundo empresarial, y antiguos responsables pol\u00edticos en di\u00e1logo con funcionarios gubernamentales actuales, creado para facilitar un di\u00e1logo de soluciones ampliamente impulsado entre los pa\u00edses implicados en la crisis de la migraci\u00f3n y el desplazamiento forzado en la regi\u00f3n. Iniciado por el World Refugee &amp; Migration Council (WRMC, Consejo Mundial de Refugiados y Migraci\u00f3n) con el Centro de Estudios M\u00e9xico-Estados Unidos, El Colegio de M\u00e9xico, el Migration Policy Institute (MPI) y el Di\u00e1logo Interamericano, el grupo de trabajo emitir\u00e1 recomendaciones concretas para una acci\u00f3n colectiva y regional basada en la investigaci\u00f3n de pruebas para promover el reparto de responsabilidades en toda Am\u00e9rica del Norte y Central.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Most Central American migrants cite economic conditions as a reason for their decision to leave their countries. For some it is the only reason: they migrate because they can no longer survive where they are. For some, their loss of livelihoods is due to environmental pressures such as drought, hurricanes or the long-term effects of climate change. For others, their decisions to migrate are the result of both economic desperation and personal insecurity due to criminal violence.\u00a0For almost all of them, poverty and loss of hope that conditions will improve are factors in their decisions to move.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7802,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"cybocfi_hide_featured_image":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[288,274,68],"tags":[259,203,371,360,251,198,311],"ppma_author":[291,221],"class_list":["post-7752","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-english","category-migration-task-force","category-report","tag-central-america","tag-climate-change","tag-economics","tag-environment","tag-mexico","tag-migration","tag-north-and-central-american-task-force-on-migration","author-north-and-central-american-task-force-on-migration","author-elizabeth-ferris"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Economic and Environmental Drivers of Central American Migration - World Refugee and Migration Council<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/zunokscx.elementor.cloud\/publications\/report\/economic-and-environmental-drivers-of-central-american-migration\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_MX\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Economic and Environmental Drivers of Central American Migration - World Refugee and Migration Council\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Most Central American migrants cite economic conditions as a reason for their decision to leave their countries. For some it is the only reason: they migrate because they can no longer survive where they are. For some, their loss of livelihoods is due to environmental pressures such as drought, hurricanes or the long-term effects of climate change. For others, their decisions to migrate are the result of both economic desperation and personal insecurity due to criminal violence.\u00a0For almost all of them, poverty and loss of hope that conditions will improve are factors in their decisions to move.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/zunokscx.elementor.cloud\/publications\/report\/economic-and-environmental-drivers-of-central-american-migration\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"World Refugee and Migration Council\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/facebook.com\/wrmcouncil\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-02-28T05:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-04-19T01:47:49+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/zunokscx.elementor.cloud\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Hurricane-Eta-European-Union-2020-D.-Membreno-Flickr-50725737397-web.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1333\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"North and Central American Task Force on Migration, Elizabeth Ferris\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@wrmcouncil\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@wrmcouncil\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tiempo de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/zunokscx.elementor.cloud\\\/publications\\\/report\\\/economic-and-environmental-drivers-of-central-american-migration\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/zunokscx.elementor.cloud\\\/publications\\\/report\\\/economic-and-environmental-drivers-of-central-american-migration\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/zunokscx.elementor.cloud\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/081635a15d72390136af5e50372b3818\"},\"headline\":\"Economic and Environmental Drivers of Central American Migration\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-02-28T05:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-04-19T01:47:49+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/zunokscx.elementor.cloud\\\/publications\\\/report\\\/economic-and-environmental-drivers-of-central-american-migration\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":760,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/zunokscx.elementor.cloud\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/zunokscx.elementor.cloud\\\/publications\\\/report\\\/economic-and-environmental-drivers-of-central-american-migration\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wrmcouncil.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/02\\\/Hurricane-Eta-European-Union-2020-D.-Membreno-Flickr-50725737397-web.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Central America\",\"Climate change\",\"Economics\",\"Environment\",\"Mexico\",\"Migration\",\"North and Central American Task Force on Migration\"],\"articleSection\":[\"English\",\"Migration Task Force\",\"Report\"],\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/zunokscx.elementor.cloud\\\/publications\\\/report\\\/economic-and-environmental-drivers-of-central-american-migration\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/zunokscx.elementor.cloud\\\/publications\\\/report\\\/economic-and-environmental-drivers-of-central-american-migration\\\/\",\"name\":\"Economic and Environmental Drivers of Central American Migration - 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