{"id":6861,"date":"2021-11-08T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-11-08T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wrmcouncil.org\/?p=6861"},"modified":"2022-05-13T11:46:02","modified_gmt":"2022-05-13T15:46:02","slug":"regional-cooperation-and-co-responsibility","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wrmcouncil.org\/es\/publications\/report\/regional-cooperation-and-co-responsibility\/","title":{"rendered":"Cooperaci\u00f3n y corresponsabilidad regionales"},"content":{"rendered":"

Informe provisional y recomendaciones: Grupo de Trabajo de Centro y Norteam\u00e9rica sobre Migraci\u00f3n<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
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Descargar PDF<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Un elemento central de la visi\u00f3n del Grupo de Trabajo es la convicci\u00f3n de que la atenci\u00f3n a la migraci\u00f3n en Centro y Norteam\u00e9rica requiere un enfoque regional integral. Simplemente, los problemas son demasiado complejos para que los atienda cualquier pa\u00eds de forma independiente. Los pa\u00edses de la regi\u00f3n, todos los cuales se ven afectados por flujos migratorios multidireccionales, tienen un papel esencial que desempe\u00f1ar para atender las causas de la migraci\u00f3n y formular respuestas de pol\u00edtica adecuadas. Es hora de sentar las bases de un sistema migratorio regional basado en la corresponsabilidad, para promover el objetivo com\u00fan de una migraci\u00f3n m\u00e1s segura, ordenada y regular y atender las causas que han obligado a tantas personas a buscar protecci\u00f3n y seguridad econ\u00f3mica en otros pa\u00edses. \nLos pa\u00edses de la regi\u00f3n son interdependientes. Por ejemplo, Canad\u00e1, Estados Unidos y M\u00e9xico enfrentan el envejecimiento creciente de sus poblaciones y necesitan de la inmigraci\u00f3n para crecer y mantener sus econom\u00edas. El establecimiento de una iniciativa de migraci\u00f3n regional s\u00f3lida puede reducir la creciente presi\u00f3n sobre los gobiernos, al tiempo de proporcionar canales regulares y seguros para las poblaciones migrantes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En el esp\u00edritu de los pactos mundiales sobre migraci\u00f3n y personas refugiadas, creemos que la migraci\u00f3n es una responsabilidad compartida. El fortalecimiento de los mecanismos regionales de corresponsabilidad en Centroam\u00e9rica para las personas migrantes y refugiadas no solo ofrece una nueva perspectiva para responder a la migraci\u00f3n en la regi\u00f3n, sino que tambi\u00e9n contribuir\u00e1 a mejorar la distribuci\u00f3n de responsabilidades a nivel mundial, tal como lo piden el Pacto Mundial sobre Refugiados y el Pacto Mundial para una Migraci\u00f3n Segura, Ordenada y Regular.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Proponer enfoques creativos no depende solo de los gobiernos. Como recomend\u00f3 el Consejo Mundial de Refugiados y Migraci\u00f3n en su informe de 2019, Un llamado a la acci\u00f3n: Transformar el sistema global de refugio<\/a><\/em>, necesitamos construir una constelaci\u00f3n de actores internacionales que trabajen en redes para identificar soluciones y promover su adopci\u00f3n. Una de las estrategias para contrarrestar el comportamiento cada vez m\u00e1s frecuente y unilateral de \u201cquien tiene la fuerza tiene la raz\u00f3n\u201d es reconfigurar el sistema de gobernanza de la migraci\u00f3n global para posibilitar arreglos, coaliciones y redes m\u00e1s flexibles, que unan a los actores constructivos de nuestra comunidad global.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nos alienta el desarrollo, por parte de la administraci\u00f3n Biden, de la Estrategia Colaborativa de Gesti\u00f3n de la Migraci\u00f3n, que \u2013por primera vez en la historia de EE.UU.--enfatiza la cooperaci\u00f3n con los pa\u00edses de la regi\u00f3n para atender la migraci\u00f3n. Asimismo, nos anima la adopci\u00f3n de la Estrategia de EE.UU. para atender las Causas Estructurales de la Migraci\u00f3n en Centroam\u00e9rica (NSA 2021a, 2021b).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tambi\u00e9n reconocemos que no partimos de cero.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Los pa\u00edses del continente americano tienen una larga trayectoria de cooperaci\u00f3n regional plasmada en organizaciones como la Organizaci\u00f3n de los Estados Americanos y el Sistema de Integraci\u00f3n Centroamericana (SICA). En la d\u00e9cada de 1980, la Comisi\u00f3n Binacional M\u00e9xico-Estados Unidos fortaleci\u00f3 el di\u00e1logo entre los funcionarios de los gabinetes de los dos pa\u00edses, incluyendo en la agenda el tema migratorio. En la d\u00e9cada de 1990, un proceso de colaboraci\u00f3n conocido como CIREFCA (v\u00e9ase el recuadro) apoy\u00f3 exitosamente soluciones para casi dos millones de personas desplazadas por las guerras civiles en El Salvador y Guatemala. Hoy en d\u00eda existen muchas iniciativas regionales para responder a la migraci\u00f3n, desde el proceso consultivo regional conocido como el Proceso de Puebla, hasta el m\u00e1s reciente Marco Integral Regional de Protecci\u00f3n y Soluciones (MIRPS). Nos alienta la adopci\u00f3n por parte del SICA de la Pol\u00edtica Social Integral Regional 2020-2040, dado su alcance regional y el compromiso gubernamental de alto nivel, por lo que instamos a que se apoye su implementaci\u00f3n. Todas estas son iniciativas importantes y encomiamos los esfuerzos realizados para reunir a los gobiernos de la regi\u00f3n con otros actores, con el fin de responder a la migraci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sin embargo, en su mayor\u00eda, estas instituciones se establecieron hace d\u00e9cadas para satisfacer las necesidades de otros tiempos. Un marco cooperativo m\u00e1s reciente y \u00fatil es el MIRPS, ya que se trata de una importante iniciativa intergubernamental para la aplicaci\u00f3n del Marco de Respuesta Integral para los Refugiados y una contribuci\u00f3n concreta al Pacto Mundial sobre Refugiados, que tiene como objetivo promover la \u201ccooperaci\u00f3n regional entre pa\u00edses de origen, tr\u00e1nsito y destino, para fomentar la responsabilidad compartida en asuntos relacionados con la prevenci\u00f3n, la protecci\u00f3n y las soluciones duraderas\u201d. No obstante, el MIRPS tiene un mandato limitado y no atiende los desaf\u00edos m\u00e1s amplios y complejos que plantea la migraci\u00f3n. Si bien la superabundancia de organizaciones ha generado cierta fatiga institucional en la regi\u00f3n, la realidad es que las instituciones actuales no satisfacen la necesidad de un en\u00e9rgico enfoque regional frente a la migraci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Este informe se basa en los documentos de investigaci\u00f3n sobre cooperaci\u00f3n regional que prepararon Mar\u00eda Eugenia Anguiano T\u00e9llez, Colegio de la Frontera Norte (<\/em>Organizaciones regionales y migraci\u00f3n en Centroam\u00e9rica<\/a>), y por Ariel Ruiz Soto, Migration Policy Institute (<\/em>Strengthening Regional Cooperation on Migration from Central America: Possible Ways Forward).<\/a>).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

El Grupo de Trabajo de Centro y Norteam\u00e9rica sobre Migraci\u00f3n<\/strong><\/a> es un foro no gubernamental de acad\u00e9micos, l\u00edderes de la sociedad civil y del mundo empresarial, y antiguos responsables pol\u00edticos en di\u00e1logo con funcionarios gubernamentales actuales, creado para facilitar un di\u00e1logo de soluciones ampliamente impulsado entre los pa\u00edses implicados en la crisis de la migraci\u00f3n y el desplazamiento forzado en la regi\u00f3n. Iniciado por el World Refugee & Migration Council (WRMC, Consejo Mundial de Refugiados y Migraci\u00f3n) con el Centro de Estudios M\u00e9xico-Estados Unidos, El Colegio de M\u00e9xico, el Migration Policy Institute (MPI) y el Di\u00e1logo Interamericano, el grupo de trabajo emitir\u00e1 recomendaciones concretas para una acci\u00f3n colectiva y regional basada en la investigaci\u00f3n de pruebas para promover el reparto de responsabilidades en toda Am\u00e9rica del Norte y Central.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

This report from the North and Central American Task Force on Migration outlines concrete recommendations for a comprehensive regional approach and governance architecture to address migration. The issues are simply too complex to be dealt with by any one country acting along. <\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6874,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"cybocfi_hide_featured_image":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[288,274,68],"tags":[259,162,316,198,311,126],"ppma_author":[291,221],"class_list":["post-6861","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-english","category-migration-task-force","category-report","tag-central-america","tag-governance","tag-international-cooperation","tag-migration","tag-north-and-central-american-task-force-on-migration","tag-responsibility-sharing","author-north-and-central-american-task-force-on-migration","author-elizabeth-ferris"],"yoast_head":"\nRegional Cooperation and Co-Responsibility - World Refugee and Migration Council<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/zunokscx.elementor.cloud\/publications\/report\/regional-cooperation-and-co-responsibility\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_MX\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Regional Cooperation and Co-Responsibility - World Refugee and Migration Council\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"This report from the North and Central American Task Force on Migration outlines concrete recommendations for a comprehensive regional approach and governance architecture to address migration. 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